Cleroux, Richard. Official Secrets: The Story Behind the Canadian Security Intelligence Service. Montreal: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1990. 321 pages.
When most non-Canadians think of law enforcement in Canada, the image of Sergeant Preston of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police comes to mind. By 1956 the Cold War changed the landscape, and RCMP's Special Branch was as busy as their neighbors in going after Reds. That was small stuff. In the 1970s the big scandals came with the exposure of RCMP's war of dirty tricks against the Quebec separatist movement. Two inquiries later, in 1984, the Commons spun off RCMP's security and intelligence function into a new agency, the Canadian Security Intelligence Service. At first CSIS was basically a new name for the same game, as Mountie spooks sat at their old desks and sent out the same memos under a new letterhead. But slowly, CSIS took on its own identity.Award-winning journalist Richard Cleroux has written Canada's first book about CSIS. This well-balanced account covers the history of RCMP, the bureaucratic turf wars that resulted from the creation of CSIS, and the concerns over CSIS's mandate as seen by Canada's civil libertarians. CSIS is basically a domestic agency; unlike America, Canada doesn't feel the need to send spies all over the world. However, CSIS continues the tradition of a cozy relationship with the FBI, CIA, and National Security Agency. According to Cleroux (p.283), when the Americans say "Jump!" CSIS says, "How high?"
Frost, Mike and Gratton, Michel. Spyworld: Inside the Canadian and American Intelligence Establishments. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 1994. 280 pages.
This book exposes the Communications Security Establishment for the first time. Mike Frost, a 19-year veteran of CSE, wrote it with the assistance of Toronto Sun columnist Michel Gratton. CSE is Canada's equivalent of the National Security Agency, and is responsible for Canada's communications-intercept operations. Much of the equipment Frost used came from the NSA (the U.S. National Security Agency), and Frost visited NSA's facilities several times for training and other official business.Apart from the descriptions of intercept technology and Moscow's communications satellites, the most significant contribution of this book is that it reveals the extensive cooperation among Canada's CSE, Britain's GCHQ, and the American NSA. The three are almost a single entity, and are able to function outside the laws of their own countries through the simple expedient of secretly shifting assignments among them whenever the legal situation might prove embarrassing. So when Margaret Thatcher asked GCHQ to spy on two of her ministers in 1983, GCHQ felt it was too hot to handle and invited CSE to visit London and bring their intercept equipment. Now the "take" is considered "information from a friendly agency," no warrants are needed, and everyone is laughing all the way to their computers. Except for a couple of cabinet ministers, that is.
Granatstein, J.L. and Stafford, David. Spy Wars: Espionage and Canada from Gouzenko to Glasnost. Toronto: Key Porter Books, 1990. 276 pages.
Canada has been a minor player on the international intelligence scene, and this only to the extent that major players such as the U.S. and Britain allowed them a role at all. They have no military secrets in Canada, no active foreign-intelligence capability, and until recently their counter- intelligence was handled by Mounties who were trained on horses.Still, there are stories to tell and this book concentrates on several of them: World War II hero Sir William Stephenson (debunked by the authors), defector Igor Gouzenko, Soviet spy Hugh Hambleton, deep-cover illegal Rudolph Herrmann, and victims of Canadian cold-war paranoia such as Leslie Bennett. Other chapters deal with the separatist movement (which was supported by Charles de Gaulle and private interests in France), "techno-espionage" (Soviet attempts to acquire technology), and the terrorist threat.
Although written in a highly-readable style, the authors are academics. J.L. Granatstein is a professor of history at York University in Toronto, and David Stafford is an adjunct professor at the University of Toronto, chair of the Canadian Association for Security and Intelligence Studies, and executive director of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs.
Here are the names most frequently mentioned in the above books:
ABEL RUDOLF I ABRAMOV MIKHAIL N ACCESS INFORMATION CONSULTANTS ADAMS IAN ALLMAND WARREN ANGLETON JAMES JESUS ANGUS SUSAN ATKEY RONALD ATKINSON DON ATTLEE CLEMENT ATWAL HARJIT SINGH AXWORTHY LLOYD AXWORTHY TOM BALDWIN GED BARR ARCHIBALD BARRON JOHN (AUTHOR) BARROS JAMES BASS GARY (RCMP) BASSETT JOHN SR BATINIC IVAN BEATTY STEPHEN BEAUREGARD PIERRE BEDSON DEREK BENNETT LESLIE JAMES BENNING SCOTT BENTLEY ELIZABETH BEY PHILIPPE BISSETT JOE B BITTMAN LADISLAV BLAIS JEAN-JACQUES BLAIS PIERRE BLENKARN DON BLUNT ANTHONY FREDERICK BOISVERT RAYMOND BOIVIN MARC-ANDRE BORODIN VLADIMIR BOROVOY ALAN BOUCHARD BENOIT BOUCHARD LUCIEN BOULET ERIC BOYER RAYMOND BRANDES HARRY BREWIN JOHN BRICK ERIC BRODEUR CLAUDE BRUCHHAUSEN WERNER BRUNET GILLES BRYCE ROBERT BRYEN STEPHEN DAVID BULL GERALD V BULL MICHAEL (MICHEL) BURGESS HARRISON BURIUKOV LEV CADIEUX MARCEL CADOGAN ALEXANDER CAIRNCROSS JOHN C CANADIAN SECURITY INTELLIGENCE SERVICE CARDIFF MURRAY CARDIN LUCIEN CARR SAM CARRAUD PIERRE CEAUSESCU NICOLAE CEAUSESCU NICU CHAMBERS WHITTAKER CHANG PEI CHI (PATRICK) CHAUHAN JAGJIT SINGH CHERNIAK SAUL CHOQUETTE PIERRE CHRETIEN JEAN CHUVAKHIN DMITRI S CLARKE ROBERT (CSIS) COATES ROBERT COBB DONALD COCOM COMMUNICATIONS SECURITY ESTABLISHMENT CORBETT ROBERT CORMIER ROGER COSTAKIS GEORGE COTE E A COUTELLIER JEAN CREAN G G CRENNA DAVID CUMMINGS GERRY CUMMINS PAT DAFOE JOHN W DANSEY CLAUDE EDWARD MAJORIBANKS DARE MICHAEL DE GAULLE CHARLES DE MARBOIS JOCK DE MENTHON PIERRE DEBRE MICHEL DELIBALTOV RAIKOV IVAN DEMIRJIAN ANNIE DENIAU XAVIER DEVAULT CAROLE DHAR M K DIEFENBAKER JOHN DONOVAN DAN DONOVAN PATRICK DONOVAN WILLIAM JOSEPH DORIN BERNARD DORK DAVID DRAKE EDWARD M DRAPEAU JEAN DREW GEORGE DUBUC BERNARD DUNN TIMOTHY J (STATE DEPT) DWYER PETER M EDMONDS J DUNCAN EDWARDH MARLYS ELLIS CHARLES HOWARD (DICKIE) ENGSTROM HOWARD THEODORE EVANS JEAN-PAUL (BRITISH SECURITY CO-ORDINATION) FARMAKOVSKAYA OLGA FARSON STUART FAVREAU GUY FENNELL SCOTT FERNS HARRY FIAMELLI CARL FINN TED DARCY FLEURY JEAN-GUY FLUKE RICK FORD ROBERT A.D. FORGET CLAUDE FORRESTALL MICHAEL FOULKES CHARLES HOWARD FOX FRANCIS FRANKS C E.S. FRONT LIBERATION QUEBEC FROST MICHAEL EDWARD FUCHS KLAUS EMIL JULIUS FULTON E.DAVIE GAUTHIER PAULE GEIGER DONNA GIBSON FREDERICK E GIGUERE JULIEN GILBERT GUY GLAZEBROOK GEORGE PARKIN GOLD HAROLD (COL) GOLITSIN ANATOLI M GORSKY ANATOLI GOTLIEB ALLAN E GOUZENKO IGOR S GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATIONS HEADQUARTERS GOYER JEAN-PIERRE GREENWELL CHARLIE GRIBANOV OLEG M GUERNSEY TERRY GUILLAUME GUENTHER HALPERIN ISRAEL HAMBLETON HUGH GEORGE HANDFIELD FRANCOIS HART WARREN HARVISON CLIFF HAVEL VACLAV HAVERS MICHAEL HAWAMDAH MOUSSA HEAKES ALEXANDER GEORGE HEAPS LEO HEENEY ARNOLD HEES GEORGE HENSLER ALISTAIR HERRMANN RUDOLPH ALBERT HIGGITT W L HILLENKOETTER ROSCOE HENRY HISS ALGER HOLLIS ROGER HENRY HOLTMANN FELIX HUDDLESTON DAVID HUGO LAURENT HUNT PETER R HYDE HARFORD MONTGOMERY IGNATIEFF GEORGE INGATIEFF GEORGE INKSTER NORMAN INMAN BOBBY RAY INSTITUTE PACIFIC RELATIONS INTERNATIONAL MEDIA ANALYSIS JAMIESON DON JENKYNS STANLEY JENSEN HENRY JOHNSON DAVID (AMB) JURGENSON JEAN-DANIEL KAPLAN ROBERT (SOLICITOR GENERAL) KAWAMI BOB KEABLE JEAN KEARLEY ROY KEENLEYSIDE HUGH KELLEHER JAMES (SOLICITOR GEN) KELLETT ANTHONY KELLOCK R L KELLY WILLIAM (RCMP) KELMER JACOB KENDRICK F.A. (TONY) KENNEDY GERALD KENNEDY MAUREEN KHVOSTANTSEV LEV G KIERNAN VICTOR KILLAM ELTON KINDY ALEX KING MACKENZIE KLUGMANN JAMES KNESCHKE RUDOLPH KOSAREV GRIGORI KRASSILNIKOV REM KROTKOV YURI V KRYUCHKOV VLADIMIR ALEKSANDROVICH KUDRYAVTSEV SERGEI M LAL BRIJ MOHAN LALONDE FERNAND LALONDE MARC LANDRY PHILIPPE LANOUETTE DONALD LAPORTE PIERRE LAWRENCE ALLAN (SOLICITOR GENERAL) LE PAN DOUGLAS LECLAIRE ROGER LEDUC FRANCOIS LEES RAY LEGER JULES LEINHARD ROLF LEOPOLD JOHN LESAGE JEAN LESTER NORMAND LEVESQUE RENE LIDDAR BHUPINDER LINDBERG ARTHUR F LINTON FREDA LISEE JEAN-FRANCOIS LONSDALE GORDON ARNOLD (KONON MOLODI) LOOMIS DAN LOUSKY JOSEPH LUBIMOV LEV LUKYANOV PAVEL P LUNAN GORDON LUSSIER GAETAN LYON PEYTON MACDONALD FLORA MACDONALD MALCOLM MACDONNELL LAURIE J MACEACHEN ALLAN MACEWAN IAN MACGUIGAN MARK MACIVER WILLIAM MACKAY ELMER MACKENZIE C.J. MADUCK NICK MARCHI LAUREEN MARCHI SERGIO MASSEY VINCENT MAY ALAN NUNN MAZANKOWSKI DONALD MCCLEERY DONALD MCCLELLAN GEORGE (RCMP) MCDONALD DAVID C (ALBERTA JUDGE) MCNEELY RICHARD MCVEY CHARLES MENZIES ARTHUR MENZIES STEWART GRAHAM MICROTEL COMPANY MILLS CYRIL MOHAMMAD MAHMOUD MOHAMMAD ISSA MORDEN REID MORRISON JAMES DOUGLAS FINLEY MOUMDJIAN NICHOLAS MULRONEY BRIAN MUNSINGER GERDA MURAD AHMED NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY NIELSEN ERIK NORMAN HERBERT OBORECHT UDO OPERATION FEATHERBED OSBALDESTON GORDON OSTROVSKY NIKOLAI PARIZEAU JACQUES PASZKOWSKI RYSZARD PAVLOV VITALI G PAYNE ROGER PEARSON LESTER B PELLETIER GERARD PENNER ROLAND PISARSKI STANISLAW PITFIELD MICHAEL PRATT FRANK RATKAI STEPHEN JOSEPH ROBERTS PETER M ROBERTSON GORDON (PRIVY COUNCIL) ROBERTSON NORMAN ROBINSON GILBERT DE B. ROBINSON PAUL H ROBINSON SVEND ROSE FRED (CP) ROSENBERG ETHEL ROSENBERG JULIUS ROSSILLON PHILIPPE ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE RUSSELL PETER (UNIV TORONTO) SALEH RASHAD SAMRA KULDIP SINGH SAMSON ROBERT (RCMP) SARZYENSKI FRANCISZEK SAWATSKY JOHN SEABORN J BLAIR SEVIGNY PIERRE SHAPIRO MARSHALL SHORE JACQUES SIMMONDS ROBERT SIRAUD PIERRE SMITH ARNOLD SMUROV YURI SOFONOV VALERI SPENCER GEORGE VICTOR STARNES JOHN STEPHENSON WILLIAM SAMUEL STONE THOMAS (AMB) STRACHEY OLIVER STRAIGHT MICHAEL WHITNEY SULZENKO-COHEN JOANNE THATCHER MARGARET TRAVIS EDWARD WILFRED HARRY TREU ALEXANDER PETER TRUDEAU MARGARET TRUDEAU PIERRE ELLIOTT VALLIERES PIERRE VENNER JOHN (CSIS) VIRAG PETER WALDMAN LORNE WARREN JAMES (CSIS) WATKINS JOHN B.C. WEINER GERRY WETSTEIN WARREN WHITE HARRY DEXTER WILLSHER KATHLEEN (KAY) WITTFOGEL KARL AUGUST WOIKIN EMMA WOOD STUART WORTHINGTON PETER WRIGHT PETER MAURICE WRONG HUME YARDLEY HERBERT OSBORNE ZABOTIN NIKOLAI ZACCARDELLI GIULIANO ZAMONSKY GILBERT
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